Technological changes in blast furnace iron making in india since last few decades article pdf available in international journal of science and research ijsr 212. Owater channel isolated stave gets hotter oeventually furnace shell gets hot and cracks occur nonfixed connection stave moves. Optimizing blast furnace operation to increase efficiency and. Preheated air was first used by james beaumont neilson in 1828 in glasgow, but not until 1860 did the englishman edward alfred cowper invent the first successful. This is how it look like a simple working model of mbf the blast furnace iron making process had, until recently, been the unchallenged method of making hot metal on a large scale. Oct 04, 2016 a blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. The blast furnace iron making process had until recently,been unchallenged method of making hot metal on large scale till 1990, the mini blast furnace or mbf is the most proven technology revealed by one recent global iron production data. A blast furnace of working volume 350 m3 designed by mecon ltd.
This book discusses the importance of blast furnace process as a complete operation. Since mbfs are small working volume ranges between 100 370 m3. The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with refractory brick, where iron ore, coke and limestone are dumped into the top, and preheated air is blown into the bottom. Mini blast furnaces mbf are generally viewed as miniature versions of the conventional large blast furnaces bf. A packed bed in a blast furnace is sup ported by the formation of a. The charge, which consists of iron ore, coke and limestone etc. Whereas only a handful of decades ago, typical blast furnace working volumes were below m. A blast furnace is a gigantic, steel stack lined with refractory brick where the concentrated iron ore, coke, and limestone are dumped from the top, and a blast of hot air is blown into the bottom. A mini blast furnace mbf, which can be viewed as is a miniature version of conventional large blast furnace, also has a few additional characteristic features known for. Shaft angle strongly affects solid flow and strength of stress in a blast furnace. The authors have very extensive experience as operators as well as consultants to many steel plants worldwide. These economies provide them with greater flexibility when compared to large, integrated mills. The hot metal is mainly used in the steel melting shop as a raw material and surplus hot metal poured in pig casting machine. The rise in furnace productivity was accompanied by a greater demand for efficient cooling systems.
The mini blast furnace has been constructed in the existing mini steel complex adjacent to the steel melting shop in order to facilitate easy hot metal handling by transfer cars as shown in figure2. Because minimills produce their steel using electricity with an electric arc furnace, or eaf instead of burning coke and limestone, they are cleaner, use less raw materials, and are able to more quickly change between different alloys. Dec 03, 2014 blast furnace and its design the design of a blast furnace bf plays a fundamental role in its reliable operation, metallurgical performance, sustained high productivity and long campaign life. Air heated in the blast furnace stoves, is applied from the bottom of the. The mini blast furnace flex request pdf researchgate. Hotblast stove, apparatus for preheating air blown into a blast furnace, an important step in raising the efficiency of iron processing. A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals. Blast furnace an introduction blast furnace is the focus of any integrated steel plant. Blast furnaces are used to produce pig iron from iron ore for subsequent. On the assumption that the particle size of coke in molten pig iron decreases due to.
While gasbased as well as coalbased dri production routes produced 2. The principle of blast furnace operational technology and. These furnaces are ideally suited for small scale operations. Pdf technological changes in blast furnace iron making in. Chemistry extraction of iron in blast furnace egogy duration. A model based on transport equations to simulate the mini blast furnace process is presented.
We had expected that no new blast furnaces would be built in the developed world. Optimization of blast furnace parameters using artificial. The production of the blast furnace is base on the temperature and pig iron chemical analysis. After awhile a guy like me get tired of just melting aluminum. The first blast furnace of germany as depicted in a miniature in the deutsches. Smallvolume blastfurnaces the future of blastfurnace. Burden preparationcharging system all the required raw materials for the mini blast furnace are discharged in a receiving ground hopper, from where are conveyed by belt conveyors to the. A mini blast furnace mbf, which can be viewed as is a miniature version of conventional large blast furnace, also has a few additional characteristic features known for their simplicity and economy. Step 2 the blast furnace the outer case is a water cooled steel casing that provides the main support for the 30 m high furnace. First open the gas valves farther so that the flames will rise above the. The design of a modern bf is generally based on the concept of a free standing unit with a surrounding building structure, providing access to the. In the latter half of the past century blast furnaces with the working volume of 86, 15, 1719, 2002, 2300, 2700, 3200, 5014, 5580 m3 were manu factured. The metallic iron produced by such a furnace contains a relatively high proportion of carbon 4% and is passed to the steelmaking process as a liquid at approximately 1450c, called hot metal. Our technology base covers the entire blast furnace process route from hot blast and raw material handling, through the furnace and casthouse, to gas cleaning and hot metal slag processing.
The model is adapted to consider flex fuel and raw materials such as small coke, granular charcoal and. Blast furnace is used to reduce the iron ore to iron. These aggregates increased the productivity and therefore proved the economic benefit of the blastfurnace. Installation of mini blast furnaces mbfs the mini blast furnace mbf route of iron making is the most proven technology and are ideally suited to small scale operations. Start up and stand up in indian blast furnace iron making. The formation of iron and steel the blast furnace 2. A major advance in bf ironmaking has been the use of pulverized coal which partially replaces. The mbf concept corresponds to blast furnaces with working volume up to 350 m3 with the following features. How a blast furnace works introduction the purpose of a blast furnace is to chemically reduce and physically convert iron oxides into liquid iron called hot metal. The top countries of suppliers are india, china, from which the percentage of mini blast furnace supply is 6%, 93% respectively. So i decided to build this small portable cupola furnace to do just that.
Ofurnace dust enters between gasket and furnace shell and into compensators ocompensator fills with dust and locks stave movements oweld of pipe to stave body fails in fatigue owater leaks into furnace. Technological changes in blast furnace iron making in india since last few decades. Modernday copper stave coolers insulate the outer shell from the process heat generated in highly stressed furnaces. The process of the blast furnace is very hard to replica as the coexistence of the phases with mass and heat transfer.
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. Request pdf the mini blast furnace flex a model based on transport equations to simulate the mini blast furnace process is presented. A wide variety of mini blast furnace options are available to you, there are 1 suppliers who sells mini blast furnace on, mainly located in asia. Stateoftheart computational fluid dynamics model optimizes fuel rate in. Higher plant availability compared to classical blast furnace 7. And even bronze can fail to fulfil an inner melting need. Reduced power consumption when compared to classical blast furnace 6. Up to today, lining materials have been supplied to about 50 blast furnaces in italy and abroad always achieving excellent results and acquiring a solid reputation among the users.
Sinter, calibrated lump ore, limestone, dolomite, quartzite and coke are charged into the mbf from top and hot air is passed from the bottom. Primetals technologies has provided blast furnace engineering, project excellence and expertise to customers worldwide for over a century. This book discusses the importance of blastfurnace process as a complete operation. Production of sg grade pig iron in mini blast furnace. Detailed project report for suraj product limited for capacity increase by modernization of mini blast furnace, installation of ferro alloys, induction furnace with ccm, rerolling mill, iron power through t unnel kiln, coal washery, ore beneficiation, cold briquetting, brick making and captive power plant. As far as the product quality is concerned, the silicon content in the iron can. Blast furnace and its design the design of a blast furnace bf plays a fundamental role in its reliable operation, metallurgical performance, sustained high productivity and long campaign life. Theory and practice presents the significant role of iron blast furnace by which iron is efficiently and rapidly reduced from ore and it is the basis for all primary steelmaking. The products from mini blast furnaces are of the same quality as that of normal blast furnaces and are free of tramp elements this is of particular advantage in steel making in mini steel plants 5. The rise in furnaceproductivity was accompanied by a greater demand for efficient cooling systems. Mini blast furnace mbf is the most proven technology, as revealed by one recent global iron production data.
Till 1990, the blast furnace route of iron making had about 97% 527mt share of. With modern blast furnace ironmaking an introduction the reader has a compact compendium of the blast furnace process available. Hot blast stove, apparatus for preheating air blown into a blast furnace, an important step in raising the efficiency of iron processing. Jan, 2015 3d interactive blast furnace for training civspnw. Operationsbased design considerations edo engel1 victor van straaten2 roman vaynshteyn3 abstract whereas only a handful of decades ago, typical blast furnace working volumes were below m. Among the mentioned blast furnaces over 400 are simply traditional smallvolume blast furnaces. An mbf, which can be viewed, in some way, as a miniature and modi fied version of a conventional large blast furnace, has a few additional characteristics features known for its simplicity and economy. The ussr was the world leader in largevolume blast furnace manufacture. Pdf technological changes in blast furnace iron making.
Then turn on the other burner to ignite from the first and turn it down for a small flame. A mini blast furnace commonly known as mandir bhatti or shahi bhatti is a simple, timetested and widely used system to produce secondary lead in india and many other countries. Excellent metal tree art info is available on our web pages. Small volume blast furnaces the future of blast furnace practice. Reducing the environmental impact of blast furnaces by means of. Mini blast furnaces mbfs are ideally suited to small scale operations. In mexico, growth has come predominantly from the integrated minimill route, production of dri followed by eaf melting. Blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top.
Process analysis for blast furnaces by the discrete element method. Pelletizing a pellet plant contains a series of balling drums where the iron ore concentrate is formed into soft pellets, in much the same manner that one rolls a snowball, to make a pellet about the size of a marble between 14 and 12. Make build mini cupola blast furnace melt metals iron aluminum brass how to discover more info on metal tree art decor. So it was only a matter of time before i set out to melt iron. Blast refers to the combustion air being forced or supplied above atmospheric pressure. The blast furnace bf is the most widely used ironmaking. In fact, they are basically the forerunner to modern conventional last blast furnaces and hence they have operated for a longer. Although the space available in the existing site was not adequate for storing large quantities of raw materials, the balst furnace along. The metallic iron produced by such a furnace contains a relatively high proportion of carbon 4% and is passed to the steelmaking process as a liquid at approximately. The predicting of the outcome and controlling the blast furnace operations is very tough, operators are aware of this fact.